念珠菌病,鹅口疮
2.3.2 念珠菌病
同义词
定义
在一些易发因素作用下,通常不致病的念珠菌属酵母菌由共生定植状态发展为感染的皮肤病。常见的菌种有:白念珠菌,少见的念珠菌(热带念珠菌、白念珠菌星形变种、近平滑念珠菌和光滑念珠菌)。
病因和发病机理
易发因素:皮肤黏膜的原有疾病、外用糖皮质激素、慢性浸渍、间擦疹和出汗增多;内置的塑料导丝和植入物插入部位;糖尿病、肥胖、妊娠、严重疾病、营养不良、抗生素治疗导致免疫力抑制和艾滋病。疾病发生由于寄生性真菌(皮肤,消化道)生长,或者传染(产道,性接触)导致。
症状
念珠菌性间擦疹
部位
主要分布在潮湿部位(如间擦部位和黏膜)。
实验室检查
KOH检查,培养:1至4天后,可见没有气生菌丝的表面光滑的白色或奶油色菌落;采用米饭琼脂培养基微观形态法(白念珠菌产生厚壁孢子)、生化法或PCR法鉴定菌种。
病程
念珠菌型菌血症预后差,取决于潜在疾病。
诊断
依据临床特点、真菌实验室检查:KOH检查,培养:1至4天后,可见没有气生菌丝的表面光滑的白色或奶油色菌落;采用米饭琼脂培养基微观形态法(白念珠菌产生厚壁孢子)、生化法或PCR法鉴定菌种。
治疗
¤ 去除诱因(通常见于机会性感染)
Tests
- Statement 1 A heavily immunosuppressed patient develops a fever without focal signs. He should be administered a broad spectrum antibiotic and a systemic antimycotic agent
- A woman with established diabetes mellitus and long-term nicotine abuse is hospitalized for a myocardial infarction. You discover white plagues under her dentures and are able to remove them by scarping with a tongue blade. What is your diagnosis?
- 65-year-old woman with diabetes mellitus has noticed this lesions in her groin for a few weeks. What are the differential diagnostic considerations?
- Statement 1 Candidiasis should always be ruled out whenever a paronychia is present
Comments
Be the first one to leave a comment!